Efektivitas Frekuensi Reposisi Terhadap Kejadian Pressure Injury: Studi Systematic Literature Review dari Randomized Control Trial

Cicielia Ernawati Rahayu

Abstract


Pressure injury (PI) is a condition that can be prevented. However the prevalence rate is still high. Repositioning is one of the strategies to prevent PI. However, the frequency of repositioning can often be negative for patients and increase staff costs and burdens. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of effective repositioning to prevent PI development. The method was a systematic literature review using descriptive analysis. Articles were Randomized Control Trial study obtained from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, and EBSCO. This study acquired 5 RCT studies which identified repositioning every two hours could reduce the incidence of PI, but 4 studies showed that this intervention was statistically insignificant results. Another method identified was the frequency of repositioning every 4 hours combined with the use of a support surface that is more effective than repositioning every 2 hours with a standard mattress. The effective position of the PI studied was lateral 30 degrees and supination 30 degrees on the head and the end of the foot. Repositioning interventions are interventions that should be implemented in a PI prevention. The frequency of repositioning can be done every 2 hours or 4 hours with combination of the existing modalities and is adjusted with the patient's condition.
Keywords: pressure injury; prevention; repositioning frequency; RCT; support surface

ABSTRAK

Pressure Injury (PI) merupakan kondisi yang dapat dicegah, namun angka prevalensinya masih tinggi. Reposisi merupakan salah satu strategi pencegahan PI. Akan tetapi, frekuensi reposisi yang terlalu sering dapat menimbulkan dampak negative pada pasien dan meningkatkan biaya dan beban petugas. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah mengidentifikasi frekuensi reposisi yang efektif menurunkan kejadian PI. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dan analisis deskriptif. Artikel merupakan artikel Randomized Control Trial (RCT) yang diperoleh dari google scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, EBSCO. Hasil studi ini menemukan 5 studi RCT yang mengidentifikasi frekuensi reposisi setiap dua jam dapat menurunkan kejadian PI, 4 studi menunjukkan hasil frekuensi menurunkan PI tapi yang tidak signifikan. Metode lain adalah frekuensi reposisi setiap 4 jam dikombinasikan dengan penggunaan support surface yang dinilai lebih efektif dibanding reposisi setiap 2 jam dengan matras standar. Posisi yang efektif mencegah PI adalah lateral 30 derajat dan supinasi 30 derajat pada kepala dan ujung kaki. Intervensi reposisi merupakan intervensi yang tidak dapat ditinggalkan dalam pencegahan PI. Frekuensi reposisi dapat dilakukan setiap 2 jam atau 4 jam dengan kombinasi modalitas yang ada dan disesuaikan dengan kondisi pasien.
Keywords: frekuensi reposisi; pencegahan; pressure injury; RCT; support surface

Keywords


Pressure injury, Prevention, Repositioning frequency, RCT, Support Surface

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf10412

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