Aromaterapi Minyak Esensial Bergamot Menurunkan Resiko Postpartum Blues

Abstract

The new role as a mother begins after delivery, especially in primigravidas. Psychological disorders can hinder the achievement of motherhood. The incidence of postpartum blues ranges from 40-85%. Postpartum blues is often not realized so that it can lead to postpartum depression. Various attempts have been made to overcome the postpartum blues including aromatherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving bergamot essential oil aromatherapy on postpartum blues. This type of study was quasi-experimental with a pretest and postest one group design. The study was conducted on 20 post-cesarean mothers aged 15-49 years, parity 1-5, term pregnancy, babies born with an Apgar score of 7-10, no history of asthma, allergies, or dermatitis to flowers/plants, able to read and write well in Indonesian, and an EPDS score of 10-12 (between the third to the fifth day). Sampling was consecutive sampling. EPDS score measurements were performed three times (baseline, 7th day, and 14th day). Data analysis used the Shapiro Wilk, Friedman, and posthoc Wilcoxon tests with α = 0.05 and β = 80%. The mean age of the respondents was 30.30 ± 6.24, multiparous 55%, SMA 70%, housewives 11%. The mean EPDS scores at baseline, day 7, and day 14 were 11.35 ± 0.81, respectively; 8.00 ± 3.09; and 5.45 ± 3.50 (p <0.001). Aromatherapy of bergamot essential oil was effective in reducing EPDS scores in post-cesarean section mothers. The use of aromatherapy should be started from the first day of post- cesarean section.
Keywords: aromatherapy; bergamot; essential oil; postpartum blues

ABSTRAK

Peran baru sebagai ibu diawali setelah persalinan terutama pada primi gravida. Gangguan psikologi dapat menghambat pencapaian peran ibu. Postpartum blues dialami oleh 40-85%. Postpartum blues sering tidak disadari sehingga bisa berlanjut menjadi depresi postpartum. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi postpartum blues diantaranya aromaterapi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi minyak esensial bergamot terhadap postpartum blues. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuasi-eksperimental dengan pretest and postest one group design. Penelitian dilakukan pada 20 orang ibu post seksio sesarea usia 15 – 49 tahun, paritas 1-5, kehamilan aterm, bayi lahir dengan nilai Apgar 7-10, tidak ada riwayat asma, alergi atau dermatitis terhadap bunga/tanaman, mampu membaca dan menulis dengan baik dalam bahasa Indonesia, dan skor EPDS 10-12 (antara hari ketiga sampai kelima). Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling. Pengukuran skor EPDS dilakukan tiga kali (awal, hari ke-7, dan hari ke-14). Analisis data menggunakan uji Shapiro Wilk, Friedman, dan posthoc Wilcoxon dengan α = 0,05 dan β = 80%. Rerata umur responden adalah 30,30±6,24, multipara 55%, SMA 70%, ibu rumah tangga 11%. Rerata skor EPDS awal, hari ke-7, dan hari ke14 masing-masing 11,35± 0,81; 8,00 ±3,09; dan 5,45 ± 3,50 (p<0,001). Aromaterapi minyak esensial bergamot efektif untuk menurunkan skor EPDS pada ibu post seksio sesarea. Penggunaan aromaterapi sebaiknya sudah dimulai sejak hari pertama post seksio sesarea.
Kata kunci: aromaterapi; bergamot; minyak esensial; postpartum blues