Uji Kemampuan Ikan Maanvis (Pterophyllum altum) Ikan Plati Pedang (Xyphophorus helleri) dan Ikan Cupang (Betta splendens) sebagai Predator Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Abstract

One of the efforts to control dengue hemorrhagic fever vector is biologically by using predatory fish larvae of Aedes aegypti. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the abilities of Maanvis fish, Sword Plati fish, and Betta fish as predators of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, through a true experiment with a posttest only design with control group. Numerical data were obtained by counting 25 third instar larvae which were eaten by the three predatory fish in each treatment. The three predatory fish, and the control each got 6 times of replication. Observations were made for 1 hour. Data analysis was carried out using the Two Way Anova test. The results showed a p value <0.05 which means that there is a difference in the average speed ability between Maanvis fish, Sword Plati fish, and Betta fish in preying on Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The fastest average ability to prey on Aedes aegypti larvae for each fish was Maanvis fish = 24 fish, Sword Plati fish = 23 fish, and Betta fish = 25 fish.

Keywords: predators; Maanvis fish (Pterophyllum altum); Sword Platy fish (Xyphophorus helleri); Betta fish (Betta splendens); Aedes aegypti

ABSTRAK

Salah satu upaya pengendalian vektor demam berdarah dengue adalah secara biologis dengan menggunakan ikan predator larva Aedes aegypti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis perbedaan kemampuan ikan Maanvis, ikan Plati Pedang, dan ikan Cupang sebagai predator larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti, melalui true experiment dengan desain posttest only with control group. Data numerik diperoleh dengan menghitung larva instar III sebanyak 25 ekor yang dimakan ketiga ikan predator dalam setiap perlakuan. Ketiga ikan predator, dan kontrol masing-masing mendapatkan replikasi sebanyak 6 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 1 jam.  Analisis data diakukan menggunakan uji Two Way Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai p <0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan rata-rata kemampuan kecepatan antara ikan Maanvis, ikan Plati Pedang, dan ikan Cupang dalam memangsa larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Kemampuan rata-rata tercepat dalam memangsa larva Aedes aegypti masing-masing ikan adalah ikan Maanvis = 24 ekor, ikan Plati Pedang = 23 ekor, dan ikan Cupang = 25 ekor.

Kata kunci: predator; ikan Maanvis (Pterophyllum altum); ikan Plati Pedang (Xyphophorus helleri); ikan Cupang (Betta splendens); Aedes aegypti