Gambaran Diagnosis dan Intervensi Keperawatan Kerusakan Integritas Kulit pada Masyarakat Terdampak Banjir di Kalimantan Selatan

Abstract

Floods carry disease-causing microorganisms. The danger of E-coli and Leptospira bacteria tends to increase after flooding. This causes skin diseases that threaten health. Skin disease nursing problems, found in NANDA: International Nursing Diagnosis. However, until now there has been no nursing research regarding nursing diagnosis, intervention for damage to skin integrity and its implementation in flood-affected communities. The aim of this research was to describe the characteristic limits, related factors and nursing intervention from the nursing diagnosis of damage to skin integrity. This type of research was a descriptive study involving 170 respondents selected using consecutive sampling technique. The data collection instrument was a nursing diagnosis questionnaire sheet: damage to skin integrity based on "characteristic limitations" and "related factors". Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The results of the analysis showed that the dominant age was in the range of 26-45 years or late adulthood with a frequency of 59 (34.7%) respondents. The most characteristic limitations were peeling skin and factors related to changes in pigmentation were 170 (100%). It was concluded that the most dominant Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) label for nursing diagnosis: damage to skin integrity was Teaching: Foot Care with 153 (90%) respondents, followed by the Pruritus Management label with 132 (77.6%) respondents.

Keywords: flood impact; damage to skin integrity; nursing intervention

ABSTRAK

Banjir membawa mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit. Bahaya bakteri E-coli dan Leptospira cenderung meningkat setelah banjir. Hal ini menimbulkan penyakit kulit yang mengancam kesehatan. Masalah keperawatan penyakit kulit, ditemukan dalam NANDA: International Nursing Diagnosis. Namun, hingga saat ini masih belum ada penelitian keperawatan tentang diagnosis keperawatan, intervensi kerusakan integritas kulit dan implementasinya pada masyarakat terdampak banjir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan batasan karakteristik, faktor berhubungan dan nursing intervention dari diagnosis keperawatan kerusakan integritas kulit. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif yang melibatkan 170 responden yang dipilih dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar kuesioner diagnosis keperawatan: kerusakan integritas kulit berdasarkan “batasan karakteristik” dan “faktor berhubungan”. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode statistika deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usia dominan berada dalam rentang 26-45 tahun atau dewasa akhir dengan frekuensi 59 (34,7%) responden. Batasan karakteristik terbanyak adalah kulit mengupas dan faktor berhubungan perubahan pigmentasi sebanyak 170 (100%). Disimpulkan bahwa label Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) diagnosis keperawatan: kerusakan integritas kulit yang paling dominan adalah Teaching: Foot Care sebanyak 153 (90%) responden, diikuti dengan label Pruritus Management sebanyak 132 (77,6%) responden.

Kata kunci: dampak banjir; kerusakan integritas kulit; nursing intervention