Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Pra Operasi Katarak Secara Efektif Menggunakan Metode Sokratik-Demonstrasi
Abstract
Worldwide, cataract is the leading cause of blindness, including in Indonesia. Cataract surgery procedures often cause significant anxiety in patients, which can affect the surgery and recovery process. Perioperative health education with the Socratic-demonstration method is expected to reduce patient anxiety levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of perioperative health education with the Socratic-demonstration method to reduce anxiety levels in pre-cataract surgery patients. This experimental study used a pre-post-oner group design, involving 45 patients who were going to undergo cataract surgery at RSI Purwokerto, who were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data on anxiety levels in the pre- and post-intervention phases were collected by filling out an anxiety level questionnaire (APAIS). Furthermore, data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the analysis showed that the majority of patients were aged >65 years, male, had elementary school education and worked as housewives. The p-value of the hypothesis test was 0.000, so it was interpreted that there was a difference in anxiety levels between before and after the intervention. Furthermore, it could be concluded that health education with the Socratic-demonstration method is effective in reducing the level of patient anxiety before cataract surgery.
Keywords: cataract; surgery; anxiety; health education; Socratic-demonstration method
ABSTRAK
Di seluruh dunia, katarak merupakan penyebab kebutaan tertinggi, termasuk di Indonesia. Prosedur operasi katarak sering menimbulkan kecemasan yang signifikan pada pasien, sehingga dapat berpengaruh terhadap proses operasi dan pemulihan. Pendidikan kesehatan perioperatif dengan metode sokratik-demonstrasi diharapkan dapat mengurangi tingkat kecemasan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas pendidikan kesehatan perioperatif dengan metode sokratik-demonstrasi untuk mengurangi tingkat kecemasan pasien pre operasi katarak. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan rancangan oner grourp prerterst-postterst, dengan melibatkan 45 pasien yang akan menjalani operasi katarak di RSI Purwokerto, yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data tentang tingkat kecemasan pada fase sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner tingkat kecemasan (APAIS). Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien berusia >65 tahun, dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki, berpendidikan SD dan bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga. Nilai p dari uji hipotesis adalah 0,000, sehingga diinterpretasikan bahwa ada perbedaan tingkat kecemasan antara sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi. Selanjutnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendidikan kesehatan dengan metode sokratik-demonstrasi efektif untuk mengurangi tingkat kecemasan pasien sebelum operasi katarak.
Kata kunci: katarak; operasi; kecemasan; pendidikan kesehatan; metode sokratik-demonstrasi
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf.v16i2.5267
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Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES (Journal of Health Research FORIKES VOICE), e-ISSN: 2502-7778, p-ISSN 2086-3098
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