Optimalisasi Pendaftaran Pasien di Rumah Sakit Menggunakan WhatsApp API
Abstract
Digitizing the patient registration system can improve service efficiency, but still faces obstacles such as lack of human resource readiness, limited technological infrastructure, and user resistance to switching to a new system. This study aimed to design and further develop the application of WhatsApp API in automating the health service system for patients such as auto-reply and integration with the hospital queue system. This study was a qualitative study with a System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) approach, starting from system requirements analysis, system design, prototype development and system testing. Needs identification was carried out using the PIECES Framework including performance, information, economy, control, efficiency, and service. At the system design stage, a framework was created with architectural, program, and database designs. Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), and Table Relationship Diagram (TRD) were used for visual representations that help understand data flow and database structure. This study involved 3 informants from the patient registration, public relations and marketing units at health care facilities. The results of the prototype development were made according to the needs of users who can be used to facilitate patient registration, inform doctor schedules, remind patients about return visit schedules, as well as patient education and queue services. The software was tested using blackbox testing, which showed valid results on the 5 indicators used. It could be concluded that with the designed WhatsApp API system, hospitals can facilitate patient registration faster, provide information on doctor schedules and queue status automatically, provide health education services and revisit reminders, and save operational costs by reducing the use of paper forms and brochures.
Keywords: WhatsApp API; patient registration; hospital
ABSTRAK
Digitalisasi sistem pendaftaran pasien dapat meningkatkan efisiensi layanan, namun masih menghadapi kendala seperti kurangnya kesiapan sumber daya manusia, keterbatasan infrastruktur teknologi, serta resistensi pengguna untuk beralih ke sistem baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan lebih lanjut penerapan WhatsApp API dalam mengotomatisasi sistem pelayanan kesehatan kepada pasien seperti auto-reply dan integrasi dengan sistem antrian rumah sakit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), mulai dari analisis kebutuhan sistem, desain sistem, pengembangan prototipe dan uji coba sistem. Identifikasi kebutuhan dilakukan menggunakan PIECES Framework meliputi performance, information, economy, control, efficiency, dan service. Pada tahap desain sistem, kerangka dibuat dengan desain arsitektur, program, dan database. Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), dan Table Relationship Diagram (TRD) digunakan untuk representasi visual yang membantu memahami aliran data dan struktur basis data. Penelitian ini melibatkan 3 informan dari unit pendaftaran pasien, hubungan masyarakat dan pemasaran di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Hasil pengembangan prototipe dibuat sesuai dengan kebutuhan dari pengguna yang dapat digunakan untuk memfasilitasi pendaftaran pasien, menginformasikan jadwal dokter, mengingatkan pasien tentang jadwal kunjungan ulang, serta layanan edukasi dan antrian pasien. Perangkat lunak diuji menggunakan blackbox testing, yang menunjukkan hasil valid pada 5 indikator yang digunakan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan sistem WhatsApp API yang sudah dirancang, rumah sakit dapat memfasilitasi pendaftaran pasien dengan lebih cepat, memberikan informasi jadwal dokter dan status antrian secara otomatis, menyediakan layanan edukasi kesehatan dan pengingat kunjungan ulang, dan menghemat biaya operasional dengan mengurangi penggunaan formulir kertas dan brosur.
Kata kunci: WhatsApp API; pendaftaran pasien; rumah sakit
Full Text:
PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf16202
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Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES (Journal of Health Research FORIKES VOICE), e-ISSN: 2502-7778, p-ISSN 2086-3098
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