Peran Wellness Program dalam Menekan Biaya Medis, Menurunkan Absensi dan Cedera Kerja, serta Meningkatkan Produktivitas Karyawan Perusahaan

Abstract

The increasing health care costs encourage companies to implement Wellness Programs to reduce employee health risks and increase return on investment. However, the effectiveness of this program is still debated. This study aimed to analyze the effect of wellness programs on productivity, absenteeism, work injuries, and medical costs. This study used a systematic literature review method based on the PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were conducted through two databases, namely PubMed and Google Scholar in the period 2014 to 2024, with inclusion criteria related to the impact of wellness programs on return on investment and company health costs. The results of the study indicated that the implementation of wellness programs in companies plays an important role in reducing employee health risks and increasing the value of return on investment through various mechanisms. This program helped improve the quality of life of employees, which has an impact on reducing medical costs and increasing work productivity. Although the effectiveness of this program could be influenced by factors such as selection bias, publication bias, and variations in working conditions, the study shows that a comprehensive and sustainable strategy tends to produce better results. Furthermore, it was concluded that an effective wellness program can reduce medical costs, reduce absenteeism and work injuries, and increase productivity.

Keywords: wellness program; return on investment; productivity; occupational health; health costs

ABSTRAK

Peningkatan biaya kesehatan mendorong perusahaan menerapkan Wellness Program untuk mengurangi risiko kesehatan karyawan dan meningkatkan return on investment. Namun, efektivitas program ini masih diperdebatkan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh wellness program terhadap produktivitas, absensi, cedera kerja, dan biaya medis. Studi ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui dua database yaitu PubMed dan Google Scholar pada  rentang 2014 hingga 2024, dengan kriteria inklusi terkait dampak wellness program terhadap return on investment dan biaya kesehatan perusahaan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa implementasi yang dihasilkan dari wellness program di perusahaan berperan penting dalam mengurangi resiko kesehatan karyawan serta meningkatkan nilai return on investment melalui berbagai mekanisme. Program ini membantu meningkatkan kualitas hidup karyawan, yang berdampak pada penurunan biaya medis dan peningkatan produktivitas kerja. Walaupun efektivitas program ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti bias seleksi, bias publikasi, dan variasi dalam kondisi kerja, studi menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan cenderung menghasilkan hasil yang lebih baik. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa wellness program yang efektif dapat menekan biaya medis, menurunkan absensi dan cedera kerja, serta meningkatkan produktivitas.

Kata kunci: wellness program; return on investment; produktivitas; kesehatan kerja; biaya kesehatan