Karakteristik Keluarga, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Ukuran Lahir Anak pada Ibu Hamil dengan Riwayat Kurang Energi Kronik

Abstract

Pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency are at risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight. This study aims to determine the differences in the proportion of pregnant women with a history of chronic energy deficiency based on family characteristics, reproductive health and child birth size in Bengkulu City and Kupang City. This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 60 breastfeeding mothers with a history of pregnancy with chronic energy deficiency who had children aged 6-12 months. Data were collected through filling out a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. The characteristics of mothers in the two research locations were homogeneous according to socio-economic variables of the family, number of family members, mother's age during pregnancy, mother's education, mother's occupation, child's gender, child's birth weight and birth spacing. Different characteristics were found in the variables of family income, maternal nutritional status, parity, and infant birth weight.

Keywords: pregnant women; chronic lack of energy; reproduction health; baby birth size

ABSTRAK

Ibu hamil dengan kekurangan energi kronik berisiko melahirkan bayi dengan berat lahir rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaaan variasi proporsi ibu hamil dengan riwayat kekurangan energi kronik berdasarkan karakteristik keluarga, kesehatan reproduksi dan ukuran lahir anak di Kota Bengkulu dan Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah 60 ibu menyusui dengan riwayat kehamilan dengan kekurangan energi kronik yang memiliki anak berusia 6-12 bulan. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square. Karakteristik ibu di kedua lokasi penelitian adalah homogen menurut variabel sosial ekonomi keluarga, jumlah anggota keluarga, umur ibu saat hamil, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, jenis kelamin anak, berat lahir anak dan jarak kelahiran. Karakteristik yang berbeda ditemukan pada variabel penghasilan keluarga, status gizi ibu, paritas, dan berat lahir bayi.

Kata kunci: ibu hamil; kurang energi kronik; kesehatan reproduksi; ukuran lahir bayi