Profil Parameter Spesifik dan Non Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol Kulit dan Biji Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.)

Ida Sari Dewi, Tunik Saptawati, Firstca Aulia Rachma

Abstract


One of the plants that has medicinal properties is Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.). Tamarillo peel is useful as an antioxidant and can lower blood sugar levels, while seeds are useful as a natural dye because of the anthocyanin contents. This study aims to determine the values of specific parameters (SP) and non-specific parameters (NSP) contained in the ethanol extract of the peel and seeds of Tamarillo. Tamarillo peel and seeds were extracted using the maceration method using 96% ethanol as a solvent to obtain a thick extract. SP tested consisted of identity and organoleptic. NSP tested consisted of drying shrinkage, moisture content, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content and cadmium content. The results of the identity test showed that the name of the plant was Tamarillo. Organoleptic testing showed that the extract was viscous in the form of Tamarillo peel extract (TPE), MFSE and SSE. The results of the NSP test showed that drying shrinkage of the TPE was 3.79%±1.39%, MFSE 3.76%±0.54%, SSE 2.09%±0 0.07%. Water content of the TPE was 0.93%±0.11% (v/w), MFSE 3.46%±0.09% (w/w), SSE 1.86%±0.07% (w/w). Total ash content of the TPE was 1.36%±0.57% (w/w), MFSE 1.55%±0.08% (w/w), SSE 4.27%±0.24% (w/w). Acid insoluble ash content test of TPE was 0.09%±0.03% (w/w), MFSE 0.22%±0.02% (w/w), SSE 0.30%±0.02% (w/w). Cadmium content of TPE, MFSE and the SSE was 0.0±0.0 (ppm).

Keywords: tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.); specific parameters; non-specific parameters; color test; thin layer chromatography (TLC)

ABSTRAK

Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki khasiat dalam pengobatan adalah terong belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.). Kulit terong belanda bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan dan dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah. Bagian bijinya bermanfaat sebagai pewarna alami karena adanya kandungan antosianin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai parameter spesifik (PS) dan non spesifik (PNS) yang terdapat dalam ekstrak etanol kulit dan biji terong belanda. Ekstrasi kulit dan biji terong belanda dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% hingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. PS terdiri dari identitas dan organoleptis. PNS terdiri dari susut pengeringan, kadar air, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam dan kadar kadmium. Hasil uji identitas menunjukkan bahwa nama daerah tanaman adalah terong belanda. Pengujian organoleptis didapatkan hasil ekstrak berbentuk kental baik pada ekstrak kulit terong belanda (KTB), ekstrak biji tanpa lendir (BTL) dan ekstrak biji berlendir (BB). Hasil uji susut pengeringan KTB adalah 3.79%±1.39%, BTL 3.76%±0.54%, BB 2.09%±0.07%. Hasil uji kadar air KTB adalah 0.93%±0.11% (v/b), BTL 3.46%±0.09% (b/b), BB 1.86%±0.07% (b/b). Hasil uji kadar abu total KTB adalah 1.36%±0.57% (b/b), BTL 1.55%±0.08% (b/b), BB 4.27%±0.24% (b/b). Hasil uji kadar abu tidak larut asam KTB adalah 0.09%±0.03% (b/b), BTL 0.22%±0.02% (b/b), BB 0.30%±0.02% (b/b). Hasil uji kadar kadmium KTB, BTL dan BB adalah 0.0±0.0 (ppm).

Kata kunci: terong belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.); parameter spesifik; parameter non spesifik; uji warna; kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT)


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf12nk321

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