Efektifitas Shaker Exercise terhadap Disfagia pada Pasien Stroke: The Integrative Literature Review

Fransisca Winandari, Tri Wahyuni Ismoyowati, Candra Trilukita Nugraha, Lolita Elensari Wahyuning, Maria Raphelina Rosari

Abstract


Stroke is the presence of focal and global neurologic deficits, which can be severe and last for 24 hours or more and can result in death. According to the World Stroke Organization in 2018, in the world there are 13.7 million new cases every year and around 5.5 million deaths occur due to stroke. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2018, the prevalence of stroke in Indonesia at the age of >15 years was 10.9%. One of the clinical symptoms of stroke is dysphagia which occurs in 37-78% of stroke patients and if left untreated can cause complications such as aspiration and pneumonia. One of the exercises to overcome dysphagia is shaker exercise, which is an exercise that aims to train the suprahyoid muscles. The purpose of this study is to analyze previous research on shaker exercise on dysphagia in stroke patients. This study was an integrative literature review. The databases used were Google Scholar, Proquest, Pubmed, NCBI, Wiley, NIH, EBSCO, Portal Garuda, IJPMR, Springer, JIK, and Elsevier, with the keywords: "Stroke"; “Shaker Exercises”; and "Dysphagia". The inclusion criteria for articles taken were full text journals and articles, published in 2015-2021, using both English and Indonesian, experimental research methods, research samples were stroke patients with dysphagia, mentioning the results of post-intervention shaker exercise. This literature study obtained 105 articles and then it was reduced by screening and obtained 10 research articles that were in accordance with the objectives and criteria of the review. The results of the study concluded that shaker exercise is effective for improving swallowing ability, nutritional status, and reducing the risk of aspiration in stroke patients with dysphagia, so it can be recommended as additional non-pharmacological therapy. This exercise can be done 1-3 times a day and done 5 days a week for at least 2 weeks for optimal results. Researchers are advised to compare the effectiveness of or combine shaker exercise with other therapies that have the potential to overcome dysphagia in stroke patients.

Keywords: stroke; exercise shakers; dysphagia

 

ABSTRAK

 

Stroke adalah terdapatnya defisit neurologik fokal dan global, yang dapat memberat dan berlangsung selama 24 jam atau lebih dan dapat mengakibatkan kematian. Menurut World Stroke Organization tahun 2018, di dunia terdapat 13,7 juta kasus baru setiap tahunnya dan sekitar 5,5 juta kematian terjadi akibat stroke. Menurut Kemenkes RI tahun 2018, prevalensi stroke di Indonesia pada usia >15 tahun sebanyak 10,9%. Salah satu gejala klinis stroke adalah disfagia yang terjadi pada 37-78% pasien stroke dan jika tidak ditangani dapat menyebabkan komplikasi seperti aspirasi dan pneumonia. Salah satu latihan untuk mengatasi disfagia adalah shaker exercise, yaitu latihan yang bertujuan melatih otot-otot suprahyoid. Tujuan studi ini menganalisis penelitian sebelumnya tentang shaker exercise terhadap disfagia pada pasien stroke.  Studi ini merupakan integrative literature review. Databased yang digunakan yaitu Google Scholar, Proquest, Pubmed, NCBI, Wiley, NIH, EBSCO, Portal Garuda, IJPMR, Springer, JIK, dan Elsevier, dengan kata kunci: “Stroke”; “Shaker Exercise”; dan “Disfagia”. Kriteria inklusi artikel yang diambil yaitu jurnal dan artikel full text, terbitan tahun 2015-2021, menggunakan bahasa Inggris maupun bahasa Indonesia, metode penelitian eksperimental, sampel penelitian merupakan pasien stroke dengan disfagia, menyebutkan hasil post intervensi shaker exercise.  Studi literatur ini mendapatkan 105 artikel kemudian diperkecil dengan screening dan diperoleh 10 artikel penelitian yang sesuai dengan tujuan dan kriteria review. Hasil telaah menyimpulkan bahwa shaker exercise efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menelan, status nutrisi, dan menurunkan resiko aspirasi pada pasien stroke dengan disfagia, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan sebagai terapi tambahan secara non farmakologis. Latihan ini dapat dilakukan 1-3 kali sehari dan dilakukan 5 hari dalam 1 minggu selama minimal 2 minggu untuk hasil optimal. Para peneliti disarankan membandingkan efektifitas atau mengkombinasikan shaker exercise dengan terapi lain yang berpotensi dapat mengatasi disfagia pada pasien stroke.

Kata kunci: stroke; shaker exercise; disfagia


Full Text:

PDF


DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf13206

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES (Journal of Health Research FORIKES VOICE), e-ISSN: 2502-7778, p-ISSN 2086-3098
Volume 1-6 (2010-2015) are available at http://suaraforikes.webs.com)
+6282132259611 (phone and WhatsApp)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________