Akses Informasi Kesehatan tentang Bullying dan Literasi Kesehatan pada Remaja

Abstract

Low health literacy contributes to health disparities, especially among adolescents who are vulnerable to problems such as bullying. Bullying has a negative impact on the physical, mental, and social health of adolescents. In the digital era, the internet has become the main source of health information, including bullying. However, low digital health literacy makes it difficult for adolescents to sort out accurate information, thus hampering their efforts to recognize, prevent, and deal with bullying. This study aimed to systematically review issues related to access to health information about bullying on health literacy in adolescents. This study was a systematic review that examines how adolescents receive access to health information about bullying in order to evaluate health literacy. Articles were obtained from several databases, namely ProQuest, PubMed, SAGE Journals, Springer Link, ScienceDirect, Oxford Academic, and Taylor & Francis. Article selection used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. The results of the study indicated that access to adequate health information plays an important role in improving adolescent health literacy. Good health literacy allows adolescents to make informed decisions in dealing with bullying, understand their health risks, and support their long-term well-being. Access to health information and health literacy play an important role in helping adolescents prevent the risk of bullying, especially through education delivered on social media. On the other hand, low health literacy is a challenge because adolescents have difficulty distinguishing reliable information, which influences decision-making and increases the risk of bullying. It is concluded that access to information and health literacy play an important role in handling bullying in adolescents.

Keywords: adolescents; bullying; health literacy; access to information

ABSTRAK

Literasi kesehatan yang rendah berkontribusi pada kesenjangan kesehatan, terutama di kalangan remaja yang rentan terhadap masalah seperti bullying. Bullying berdampak buruk pada kesehatan fisik, mental, dan sosial remaja. Di era digital, internet menjadi sumber utama informasi kesehatan, termasuk bullying. Namun, rendahnya literasi kesehatan digital menyulitkan remaja memilah informasi akurat, sehingga menghambat upaya mereka dalam mengenali, mencegah, dan menangani bullying. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan akses informasi kesehatan tentang bullying terhadap literasi kesehatan pada remaja. Studi ini merupakan systematic review yang mempelajari tentang bagaimana remaja menerima akses informasi kesehatan tentang bullying guna mengevaluasi literasi kesehatan. Artikel diperoleh dari beberapa basis data yairu ProQuest, PubMed, SAGE Journals, Springer Link, ScienceDirect, Oxford Academic, dan Taylor & Francis. Pemilihan artikel menggunakan protokol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa akses terhadap informasi kesehatan yang memadai berperan penting dalam meningkatkan literasi kesehatan remaja. Literasi kesehatan yang baik memungkinkan remaja membuat keputusan yang tepat dalam mengatasi bullying, memahami risiko kesehatannya, serta mendukung kesejahteraan jangka panjang mereka. Akses informasi kesehatan dan literasi kesehatan berperan penting dalam membantu remaja mencegah risiko bullying, terutama melalui edukasi yang disampaikan di media sosial. Sebaliknya, literasi kesehatan yang rendah menjadi tantangan karena remaja kesulitan membedakan informasi terpercaya, sehingga memengaruhi pengambilan keputusan dan meningkatkan resiko terhadap bullying. Disimpulkan bahwa akses informasi dan literasi kesehatan berperan penting dalam penanganan bullying pada remaja.

Kata kunci: remaja; bullying; literasi kesehatan; akses informasi