Gaya Hidup Dan Tingkat Stres Terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Di Daerah Peri Urban
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of hypertension in developing countries, including Indonesia, continues to rise annually. This trend is particularly evident in densely populated provinces such as West Java. If not adequately managed, hypertension may progress to severe and potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, identifying the factors that exert the greatest influence on the development of hypertension is essential, as this enables individuals to modify lifestyle behaviors that may trigger or aggravate the condition. This study employed a descriptive correlational approach using a cross-sectional design. A total of 434 respondents participated, all of whom were individuals diagnosed with hypertension and residing in peri-urban areas, specifically Mangkubumi District, which is located at the administrative boundary between the regency and the city. The results showed that nutritional factors—particularly salt intake—and physical activity demonstrated significant associations with hypertension (p < 0.05). In contrast, stress levels, obesity, and smoking history were not significantly associated with hypertension, as indicated by p-values greater than 0.05. Furthermore, physical activity history emerged as the most dominant factor influencing hypertension, with a p-value of 0.021. The findings of this study are expected to encourage the community to adopt healthier lifestyle practices in order to prevent complications associated with hypertension.
Keywords: family, hypertension, mangkubumi
ABSTRAK
Kasus hipertensi di negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, terus menunjukkan peningkatan setiap tahun. Kondisi ini terutama terlihat di provinsi dengan jumlah penduduk yang besar seperti Jawa Barat. Bila masalah ini dibiarkan dan tidak ditangani dengan baik, hipertensi dapat berkembang menjadi berbagai komplikasi yang serius. Perlu dilakukan identifikasi terhadap faktor-faktor yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap munculnya hipertensi, agar individu dapat menyesuaikan pola hidup yang berisiko memicu atau memperburuk kondisi hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel mencapai 434 responden yang merupakan penderita hipertensi dan berdomisili di wilayah peri-urban, yaitu Kecamatan Mangkubumi yang terletak di perbatasan antara kabupaten dan kota. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan nutrisi—khususnya konsumsi garam,—serta kebiasaan berolahraga memiliki nilai p < 0,05, sehingga dinyatakan berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Sebaliknya, tingkat stres, kondisi obesitas, dan riwayat merokok tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna terhadap hipertensi karena nilai p berada di atas 0,05. Dalam penelitian ini, faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian hipertensi adalah riwayat aktivitas olahraga dengan nilai p sebesar 0,021. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendorong masyarakat untuk mengadopsi gaya hidup yang lebih sehat guna mencegah terjadinya komplikasi akibat hipertensi.
Kata kunci: keluarga, hipertensi, mangkubumi
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