Faktor Determinan Lingkungan Fisik Rumah terhadap Kejadian TB Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kabila

Juwita Suma, Sulastri Pua Age, Indra Haryanto Ali

Abstract


TB (Tuberculosis) is still a world health problem that requires special attention. TB is a common infectious disease and can be deadly if not treated properly. TB is an infectious disease that is the number two killer in the world. This study aims to determine the determinants of the physical environment on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Kabila Community Health Center. This study was an analytic observational study with a case control study design. The research was conducted for 3 months from September to November 2020 and the location of this research was carried out in the Work Area of the Kabila Health Center, Bone Bolango Regency. The research subjects were 30 cases recorded and reported during the months of May - September 2020, and the number of controls were houses of non-sufferers who were located in the work area of the Kabila Community Health Center, totaling 30 samples. The physical environment factor variables of the house that have a significant relationship to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis are house humidity and floor type. Meanwhile, occupancy density, natural lighting, and ventilation area are variables of physical environmental factors that have no significant relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of the Kabila Community Health Center. The factor most related to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis is the type of floor. Health agencies are expected to be able to take health promotion measures as a preventive measure for the community against the incidence of pulmonary TB disease. The community is expected to pay attention to the condition of the environment in which they live in order to avoid the transmission of pulmonary TB disease and immediately go to the Puskesmas if there are symptoms of TB disease.

Keywords: physical environment; house humidity; floor type; pulmonary tuberculosis

ABSTRAK

TB (Tuberkulosis) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia yang memerlukan perhatian khusus. TB merupakan penyakit menular yang umum dan bersifat mematikan jika tidak ditangani dengan benar. TB merupakan penyakit infeksi yang menjadi pembunuh nomor dua di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor determinan lingkungan fisik rumah terhadap kejadian penyakit TB Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kabila. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian case control. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan mulai September sampai dengan November 2020 dan lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Subyek penelitian adalah jumlah kasus yang tercatat dan terlaporkan selama bulan Mei-September 2020 sebanyak 30 penderita, dan jumlah kontrol adalah rumah penduduk yang bukan penderita bertempat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kabila berjumlah 30 sampel. Variabel faktor lingkungan fisik rumah yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian TB Paru yaitu kelembaban rumah dan jenis lantai. Sedangkan kepadatan hunian, pencahayaan alami, dan luas ventilasi merupakan variabel faktor lingkungan fisik yang tidak ada hubungan signifikan terhadap kejadian TB Paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kabila. Faktor yang paling berhubungan terhadap kejadian penyakit TB Paru yaitu jenis lantai. Instansi kesehatan diharapkan agar dapat melakukan tindakan promosi kesehatan sebagai tindakan pencegahan bagi masyarakat terhadap kejadian penyakit TB Paru. masyarakat diharapkan dapat memperhatikan kondisi lingkungan tempat tinggal agar dapat terhindar dari penularan penyakit TB Paru dan segera memeriksakan diri ke Puskesmas apabila terdapat gejala-gejala penyakit TB.

Kata kunci: lingkungan fisik; kelembaban rumah; jenis lantai; tuberkulosis paru


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf.v12i4.1434

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