Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease caused by an increase in blood sugar levels due to insulin deficiency. Unstable blood sugar levels make diabetics very at risk of being infected with Covid-19, besides blood glucose levels that easily rise or fall can increase the risk of Covid-19 complications in people with diabetes mellitus. Objective: To know the knowledge and behavior of preventing Covid-19 in DM patients. Methods: The design in this research was analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population was all patients with diabetes mellitus who seek treatment at an internal medicine clinic at a hospital in Blitar in February 2021 as many as 62 people, which were taken by total sampling. Respondent’s knowledge and Covid-19 prevention behavior were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive analysis. Results: Most of the respondents with less knowledge behaved less about Covid-19 prevention, namely 11 respondents (84.6%), most of the respondents who were knowledgeable enough to behave fairly about Covid-19 prevention as many as 14 people (73.7%), and Most of the respondents who have good knowledge have good behavior in preventing Covid-19, namely as many as 24 respondents (80.0%). Conclusion: The higher knowledge of DM patients about Covid-19 caused by a better the preventive behavior against Covid-19. Recommendations: DM sufferers are expected to always comply with health protocols (starting from wearing masks, washing hands, maintaining distance, limiting mobility, staying away from crowds, and avoiding eating together when outside the home), always having a healthy lifestyle, monitoring blood glucose levels regularly, dietary adjustments, regularity of activity and routine for medical visits.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; knowledge; Covid-19 prevention behavior

ABSTRAK

Penyakit diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan adanya peningkatan kadar gula dalam darah akibat kekurangan insulin. Kadar gula darah yang tidak stabil membuat penderita diabetes sangat berisiko terinfeksi Covid-19, selain itu tingkat glukosa darah yang mudah naik atau turun dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi Covid-19 pada penderita diabetes mellitus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 pada penderita DM. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasinya yaitu seluruh pasien diabetes mellitus yang berobat di poli penyakit dalam pada salah satu rumah sakit di Blitar pada bulan Februari tahun 2021 sebanyak 62 orang, yang diambil dengan cara total sampling. Pengetahuan responden dan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan sebagian besar responden dengan pengetahuan kurang berperilaku kurang tentang pencegahan Covid-19 yaitu 11 responden (84,6%), sebagian besar responden yang berpengetahuan cukup berperilaku cukup tentang pencegahan Covid-19 yaitu sebanyak 14 orang (73,7%), dan sebagian besar responden yang berpengetahuan baik berperilaku baik dalam pencegahan Covid-19 yaitu sebanyak 24 responden (80,0%). Semakin tinggi pengetahuan penderita DM tentang Covid-19 maka semakin baik pula perilaku pencegahan terhadap Covid-19. Penderita DM diharapkan selalu mematuhi protokol kesehatan (mulai dari memakai masker, mencuci tangan, menjaga jarak, membatasi mobilitas, menjauhi kerumunan, dan menghindari makan bersama ketika diluar rumah), selalu berperilaku hidup sehat, memonitor kadar glukosa darah secara rutin, penyesuaian diet, keteraturan aktivitas serta rutin untuk kunjungan berobat.

Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus; pengetahuan; perilaku pencegahan Covid-19