Pengaruh Pelatihan Intervensi Psikososial terhadap Pengetahuan Perawat Covid-19 di UPT RSUD Sayang Rakyat Makassar

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has put health workers, especially nurses on the front line, in a condition that is very vulnerable to infection and experiencing mental problems. Therefore, psychosocial intervention training is needed for nurses to reduce psychological stress, physical symptoms and improve coping. This experimental study applied a pretest and posttest design without a control group. The research subjects were 50 nurses who were selected using the total population sampling technique. Data were collected through filling out a questionnaire containing: spiritual intervention, positive thinking, and relaxation techniques. The training was carried out for 2 sessions (2 days). Questionnaires were given in the pretest and posttest phases. The results showed that before psychosocial training the average knowledge of nurses about spiritual intervention was 1.58, and increased after the intervention was 1.9. The average knowledge of nurses about positive thinking is 1.52, and has increased after the intervention to 1.74. Knowledge of relaxation techniques increased from 1.64 to 1.98. Furthermore, it was concluded that psychosocial intervention training could increase the knowledge of Covid-19 nurses, so that they could independently improve their mental health in dealing with pandemic situations.

Keywords: Covid-19 nurse; training; psychosocial interventions; knowledge

ABSTRAK

Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 membuat tenaga kesehatan khususnya perawat sebagai garda terdepan berada pada kondisi yang sangat rentan terinfeksi dan mengalami masalah mental. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pelatihan intervensi psikososial bagi perawat untuk mengurangi tekanan psikologis, gejala fisik dan meningkatkan koping. Penelitian eksperimental ini menerapkan rancangan pretest and posttest without control group. Subyek penelitian adalah 50 perawat yang dipilih dengan teknik total population sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner yang berisi tentang: intervensi spiritual, berpikir positif, dan teknik relaksasi. Pelatihan dilaksanakan selama 2 sesi (2 hari). Kuesioner diberikan pada fase pretest dan posttest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pelatihan psikososial rerata pengetahuan perawat tentang intervensi spiritual adalah 1,58, dan mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan intervensi menjadi 1,9. Rerata pengetahuan perawat tentang berpikir positif adalah 1,52, dan mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan intervensi menjadi 1,74. Pengetahuan tentang teknik relaksasi meningkat dari 1,64 menjadi 1,98. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan intervensi psikososial dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan perawat Covid-19, sehingga mereka dapat secara mandiri dapat meningkatkan kesehatan mental dalam menghadapi situasi pandemi.

Kata kunci: perawat Covid-19; pelatihan; intervensi psikososial; pengetahuan