Penurunan Kadar Timbal Kerang Darah Menggunakan Media Cangkang Telur Ayam

Abstract

The presence of lead in blood clams has the potential to impact human health in the food chain, including cancer. Efforts have been made including utilizing waste chicken egg shells. Therefore, research is needed which aims to analyze the reduction of lead levels in blood clams using chicken egg shell media through engineering a stirring chamber with intervention of stirring speed and adsorption temperature. This type of research was an experiment using a one group pretest-posttest design. Samples of fresh blood clams came from Kenjeran Beach, Surabaya. A modification of the stirring chamber was used to help reduce lead levels in blood cockles, using the principle of stirring and adsorption temperature. Samples were given 9 treatments with 3 repetitions. Stirring speed was set for 15 minutes at 50 rpm, 150 rpm and 250 rpm; adsorption temperatures were 35°C, 50°C and 65°C; and using 50 grams of chicken eggshell adsorbent in 1 liter of PDAM treated water. The results showed that the average lead content = 1.92 ppm, in the control group = 1.26 ppm and in the treatment group = 0.77 ppm. The decrease in lead content in the treatment group = 0.49 ppm, where the stirring speed and adsorption temperature contributed to the decrease in lead content. It was concluded that the lead content decreased with the intervention of the mixing speed and adsorption temperature.

Keywords: lead; blood clams; stirring chambers; stirring speed; adsorption temperature

ABSTRAK

Keberadaan timbal pada kerang darah berpotensi berdampak bagi kesehatan manusia dalam rantai pangan, di antaranya kanker. Upaya telah dilakukan di antaranya adalah memanfaatkan limbah cangkang telur ayam. Maka diperlukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis penurunan kadar timbal kerang darah menggunakan media cangkang telur ayam melalui rekayasa alat stirring chamber dengan intervensi kecepatan pengadukan dan suhu adsorpsi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen menggunakan rancangan one group pretest-posttest. Sampel  kerang darah segar berasal dari Perairan Pantai Kenjeran Surabaya. Modifikasi stirring chamber digunakan untuk membantu menurunkan kadar timbal pada kerang darah, menggunakan prinsip pengadukan dan suhu adsorpsi. Sampel diberi 9 perlakuan dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Kecepatan pengadukan di atur selama 15 menit pada 50 rpm, 150 rpm dan 250 rpm; suhu adsorpsi adalah 35°C, 50°C dan 65°C; dan menggunakan 50 gram adsorben cangkang telur ayam dalam 1 liter air olahan PDAM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kadar timbal = 1,92 ppm, pada kelompok kontrol = 1,26 ppm dan pada kelompok perlakuan = 0,77 ppm. Penurunan kadar timbal pada kelompok perlakuan = 0,49 ppm, di mana kecepatan pengadukan dan suhu adsorpsi berkontribusi tehadap penurunan kadar timbal. Disimpulkan bahwa kadar timbal mengalami penurunan dengan adanya intervensi kecepatan pengadukan dan suhu adsorpsi.

Kata kunci: timbal; kerang darah; stirring chamber;  kecepatan pengadukan; suhu adsorpsi