Pengetahuan, Kesehatan Mental, Ketakutan, dan Perilaku Pencegahan Ibu Hamil Terhadap COVID-19

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to almost all countries in the world and affected all life systems, including mental health, fear and behavior change. Pregnant women are one of the risk groups that need special attention. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge, mental health, and fear with COVID-19 prevention behavior in pregnant women. This study applied a cross-sectional design, which was conducted on 69 normal pregnant women, who were selected by simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by filling out a questionnaire which consisted of: a knowledge questionnaire about COVID-19, the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), and the Preventive COVID-19 Behavior Scale (PCV-19BS) which had been validated. The collected data were then analyzed using Fisher's exact test and presented in tabular form. The results showed that the most knowledge level of pregnant women was good (69.6%), the most mental health was not good (56.5%), the most fear scale was high (69.6%), and the most preventive behavior was good (92.8%). The p-values for the three independent variables were knowledge = 1.000, mental health = 0.379, and fear = 0.161. Furthermore, it was concluded that there was no relationship between knowledge, mental health and fear with COVID-19 prevention behavior.

Keywords: COVID-19; pregnant mother; preventive behavior; knowledge; mental health; afraid

ABSTRAK

Pandemi COVID-19 sudah menyebar hampir semua negara di dunia dan mempengaruhi semua sistem kehidupan, termasuk kesehatan mental, ketakutan dan perubahan perilaku. Ibu hamil adalah salah satu kelompok berisiko yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan, kesehatan mental, dan ketakutan dengan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini menerapkan desain cross-sectional, yang dilakukan pada 69 ibu hamil normal, yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner yang terdiri atas: kuesioner pengetahuan tentang COVID-19, Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), dan Preventive COVID-19 Behavior Scale (PCV-19BS) yang telah divalidasi. Data yang telah terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Fisher’s exact test dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil terbanyak adalah baik (69,6%), kesehatan mental terbanyak adalah kurang baik (56,5%), skala ketakutan terbanyak adalah tinggi (69,6%), dan berperilaku pencegahan terbanyak adalah baik (92,8%). Nilai p untuk ketiga variabel independen adalah pengetahuan = 1,000, kesehatan mental = 0,379, dan ketakutan =0,161. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, kesehatan mental dan ketakutan dengan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19.

Kata kunci: COVID-19; ibu hamil; perilaku pencegahan; pengetahuan; kesehatan mental; ketakutan