Manajemen Obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Tk II Prof. dr. J. A. Latumeten Ambon

Abstract

The drug management system must be viewed as part of the overall service system in the hospital and organized in a way that can provide services based on safety, effectiveness and economic aspects in drug use so that effectiveness and efficiency in drug management can be achieved. The aim of this research was to identify drug management in the Prof. Hospital Pharmacy Installation. Dr. J. A. Latumeten Ambon, in terms of budgeting, storage and distribution. This research was a qualitative study, involving 6 informants selected using purposive sampling technique. To ensure the validity of the data, triangulation of data sources and triangulation of data collection techniques were carried out. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, document review and observation. Next, data reduction was carried out and content analysis was carried out. The results of this research indicated that drug management in the Prof. Hospital Pharmacy Installation. Dr. J. A. Latumeten Ambon in the drug planning process is not all based on the hospital formulary. The obstacles faced were an increase in the number of patients, changes in disease patterns, changes in writing prescriptions from visiting doctors, and delays in drug delivery from distributors. The drug budgeting process came from sufficient BLU funds to procure drugs according to plan. The drug storage process was carried out based on the FIFO method and there were three items in the spatial arrangement that do not comply with standards. The drug distribution process was carried out by attaching an ampra book that had been approved by the Head of the Pharmacy Installation and the obstacles faced were the lack of trolleys or medicine carts, and the absence of medicines in the warehouse. It was concluded that drug planning was not fully based on the formulary; drug budgeting came from BLU funds; drug storage was based on the FIFO method and not all of them comply with standards; distribution of medicines based on the approval of the head of the pharmacy installation.

Keywords: medication management; medication planning; drug budgeting; drug storage; stagnant and stockout

ABSTRAK

Sistem pengelolaan obat harus dipandang sebagai bagian dari keseluruhan sistem yang pelayanan di rumah sakit dan diorganisasikan dengan suatu cara yang dapat memberikan pelayanan berdasarkan aspek keamanan, efektif, dan ekonomis dalam penggunaan obat sehingga dapat dicapai efektivitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan obat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengenalisis manajemen obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Prof. dr. J. A. Latumeten Ambon, ditinjau dari penganggaran, penyimpanan, dan pendistribusian. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif, yang melibatkan 6 informan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Untuk menjamin keabsahan data dilakukan triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi teknik pengumpulan data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, telaah dokumen dan observasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan reduksi data dan dilakukan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Prof. dr. J. A. Latumeten Ambon pada proses perencanaan obat tidak semua didasarkan pada formularium rumah sakit. Kendala yang dihadapi yaitu peningkatan jumlah pasien, perubahan pola penyakit, perubahan penulisan resep dokter tamu, dan keterlambatan pengiriman obat dari distributor. Proses penganggaran obat bersumber dari dana BLU yang mencukupi untuk mengadakan obat sesuai perencanaan. Proses penyimpanan obat yang dilakukan berdasarkan metode FIFO serta ada tiga item dalam pengaturan tata ruang yang belum sesuai standar. Proses pendistribusian obat dilakukan dengan melampirkan buku ampra yang telah disetujui oleh Kepala Instalasi Farmasi serta adapun kendala yang dihadapi yaitu kurangnya troli atau kereta obat, dan kekosongan obat pada gudang. Disimpulkan bahwa perencanaan obat belum sepenuhnya berdasarkan formularium; penganggaran obat bersumber dari dana BLU; penyimpanan obat berdasarkan metode FIFO dan belum semua sesuai standar; pendistribusian obat berdasarkan persetujuan kepala instalasi farmasi.

Kata kunci: manajemen obat; perencanaan obat; penganggaran obat; penyimpanan obat; stagnant dan stockout