Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli Dari Kerang Darah (Anandara granosa)

Abstract

Mangosteen peel contains lots of vitamins and is antibacterial. The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial effect of mangosteen peel on Escherichia coli isolates from Anandara granosa. This research applied an experimental design carried out in the Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya. There are 8 groups of samples with extract variations, namely 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50 %, positive control, negative control and carried out 3 replications. Then bacterial growth was observed and compared descriptively. The results of the dilution test showed that the concentration of mangosteen peel extract could inhibit with a concentration of 30% and could effectively kill with a concentration of 35%. Phytochemical analysis shows that mangosteen peel extract contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and saponins. It was concluded that Garcinia mangostana L was effective in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria from Anandara granosa.

Keywords: mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L); blood cockle (Anandara granosa); Escherichia coli; antibacterial

ABSTRAK

Kulit manggis banyak mengandung vitamin dan bersifat antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek antibakteri kulit manggis terhadap isolat Escherichia coli dari Anandara granosa. Penelitian ini menerapkan rancangan eksperimental yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteriologi, Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya. Ada 8 kelompok sampel dengan variasi ekstrak yaitu 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, kontrol positif, kontrol negatif dan dilakukan 3 kali replikasi. Lalu pertumbuhan bakteri diamati dan dibandingkan secara deskriptif. Hasil uji dilusi menunjukkan konsentrasi ekstrak kulit manggis dapat menghambat dengan konsentrasi 30% dan dapat efektif membunuh dengan konsentrasi 35%. Analisis fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak kulit manggis terdapat senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, tanin, terpenoid dan saponin. Disimpulkan bahwa Garcinia mangostana L efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dari Anandara granosa.

Kata kunci: kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L); kerang darah (Anandara granosa); Escherichia coli; antibakteri