Uji Sifat Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Krim Ekstrak Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes

Devi Efrianti, Sri Mulyaningsih

Abstract


The development of bacterial resistance to antibiotics requires the discovery of alternative treatments for infectious diseases. Current trends show an increase in public confidence in using herbal medicine to treat diseases. Previous studies have shown that cherry leaves have strong antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties and antibacterial activity of cherry leaf extract cream against Streptococcus pyogenes which is the cause of erysipelas. This research was an experimental study. The extract was made by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was tested organoleptically, tested free of ethanol and its yield was calculated. Furthermore, the extract was formulated into a cream preparation with a vanishing cream base type m / a. Furthermore, the 1%, 5% and 10% formula creams were tested for physical properties including adhesion, spreadability, pH, homogeneity, protection ability and viscosity. Antibacterial activity test of 1%, 5% and 10% formula creams using the diffusion method. The diameter of the inhibition zone was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that increasing the concentration of cherry leaf extract in the cream caused an increase in pH, adhesion, viscosity and antibacterial activity. While the spreadability test was inversely proportional to the adhesion and viscosity tests. All creams were homogeneous and provided protection against bases. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the antibacterial activity of the cream at extract concentrations of 1%, 5%, 10% with negative controls (p value <0.05). It could be concluded that the physical properties of the cream meet the requirements except for spreadability. The formula with an extract content of 10% was the best formula in terms of the physical properties of the cream and antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes.

Keywords: diffusion; erysipelas; vanishing cream

 

ABSTRAK

 

Berkembangnya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik memerlukan adanya penemuan alternatif pengobatan terhadap penyakit infeksi. Tren saat ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kepercayaan masyarakat untuk menggunakan obat herbal dalam mengatasi penyakit. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan daun kersen mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dan aktivitas antibakteri krim ekstrak daun kersen terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes yang merupakan penyebab erisipelas. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental. Ekstrak dibuat dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dilakukan uji organoleptik, diuji bebas etanol dan dihitung rendemennya. Selanjutnya ekstrak diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim dengan basis vanishing cream tipe m/a. Selanjutnya krim formula 1%, 5% dan 10% diuji sifat fisik meliputi daya lekat, daya sebar, pH, homogenitas, kemampuan proteksi dan viskositas. Uji aktivitas antibakteri krim formula 1%, 5% dan 10%. menggunakan metode difusi. Diameter zona hambatan dibandingkan menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak daun kersen dalam krim menyebabkan peningkatan pH, daya lekat, viskositas dan aktivitas antibakteri. Sedangkan uji daya sebar berbanding terbalik dengan uji daya lekat dan viskositas. Semua krim bersifat homogen dan memberikan proteksi terhadap basa. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada aktivitas antibakteri dari krim pada konsentrasi ekstrak 1%, 5%, 10% dengan kontrol negatif (nilai p <0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sifat fisik krim memenuhi syarat kecuali daya sebar. Formula dengan kadar ekstrak 10% merupakan formula terbaik dilihat dari sifat fisik krim dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. pyogenes.

Kata kunci: difusi; erysipelas; vanishing cream

 


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf16109

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