Aktivitas Antihiperglikemik Ekstrak Etanol Stigma maydis (Zea mays L.) Dibandingkan dengan Metformin pada Model Mencit Diabetes
Abstract
Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan gangguan metabolik kronis yang membutuhkan terapi efektif dengan efek samping minimal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan aktivitas antihiperglikemik ekstrak etanol rambut jagung ( Stigma maydis ) dosis optimal (P3) dibandingkan metformin (K + ) pada model mencit diabetes. Skrining fitokimia mengidentifikasi flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, dan saponin, yang berperan meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin dan menurunkan stres oksidatif. Hasil uji berpasangan menunjukkan penurunan signifikan kadar glukosa darah (KGD) pada kelompok P3 (p = 0,003) dengan rata-rata pascaperlakuan 111,40 mg/dL. Secara numerik, penurunan rata-rata KGD P3 (114,40 mg/dL) lebih tinggi dibandingkan metformin (102,20 mg/dL), namun uji t independen menunjukkan perbedaan tidak signifikan (p = 0,576). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa ekstrak Stigma maydis memiliki efikasi sebanding dengan metformin sehingga berpotensi menjadi terapi komplementer untuk pengelolaan DMT2.
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