Peningkatan Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan Menggunakan Pendekatan Lean Hospital

Kartini Nur Wulandari, Gunawan Pamudji Widodo, Ismi Rahmawati

Abstract


Lean is a continuous effort to eliminate waste and increase the value added of both goods and services in order to provide value to customers. The purpose of this study was to identify critical wastes that affect patient satisfaction at the Pharmacy Installation at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital, Samarinda. This qualitative research method was a case study. The stages of the research were observing the flow of the service process in the form of value stream mapping, distributing questionnaires about value waste and patients, conducting interviews using the 5-why method to find out the root causes and critical waste that occurs. The results showed that the lead time for concoction recipes was 100.4 minutes and the VAR for recipes was 67%, while the lead time for non-concocted recipes was 45.2 minutes and the VAR for non-concocted recipes was 48%. This shows that drug prescription service activities at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital Samarinda were included in the lean category. Critical waste was waste motion (53.3%). It could be concluded that critical waste is motion and waiting waste which is caused by several cases of drug shortages that often occur. What can be suggested is to improve drug planning or procurement in order to minimize drug vacancies.

Keywords: pharmaceutical installation; lean hospital; critical waste; service improvement

 

ABSTRAK

 

Lean adalah suatu upaya terus menerus untuk mengeliminasi pemborosan (waste) dan meningkatkan value added produk baik barang maupun jasa agar memberikan nilai kepada pelanggan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi waste kritis yang berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pasien di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Metode penelitian kualitatif ini adalah studi kasus. Tahapan penelitian yaitu observasi alur proses pelayanan dalam bentuk value stream mapping, penyebaran kuisioner tentang value waste dan pasien, melakukan wawancara dengan metode 5-why untuk mengetahui akar penyebab dan waste kritis yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lead time resep racikan adalah 100,4 menit dan VAR resep adalah 67%, sedangkan lead time resep non racikan adalah 45,2 menit dan VAR resep non racikan adalah 48%. Ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pelayanan resep obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda termasuk dalam kategori lean. Waste kritis adalah waste motion (53,3%). Disimpulkan bahwa waste kritis adalah waste motion dan waiting yang disebabkan oleh adanya beberapa kasus kekosongan obat yang sering terjadi. Hal yang dapat disarankan adalah memperbaiki perencanaan atau pengadaan obat agar dapat meminimalisir terjadinya kekosongan obat.

Kata kunci: instalasi farmasi; lean hospital; waste kritis; perbaikan pelayanan


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf14147

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