Keberhasilan Upaya Penyehatan dan Higiene dan Sanitasi Air Minum dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Bakteriologis Air Minum Isi Ulang

Abstract

Drinking water contaminated with pathogenic bacteria can cause health problems. The need for consumption of refill drinking water as one of the sources of drinking water in Jambi City is always increasing, as evidenced by the increasing number of refill drinking water depots (DAMIU) in Jambi City. This study aimed to analyze the bacteriological quality of refill drinking water in Jambi City. This study is descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 96 DAMIU from all sub-districts in Jambi City and was selected by random sampling from January to February 2023. Data collection on the water treatment process was carried out through interviews and observations, while data on drinking water quality was collected by taking drinking water samples at each DAMIU. Bacteriological analysis was carried out through laboratory tests using the Compact Dry EC (CDEC) method, while data analysis on the water treatment process was carried out descriptively, bivariately to multivariately. Of the 96 DAMIU, 9 of them (9.4%) contained E. coli and coliform. The results of the analysis showed that there was no relationship between drinking water security efforts and the bacteriological content of water (p value = 0.173), there was a relationship between drinking water sanitation efforts and the bacteriological content of water (p value = 0.002) and there was a relationship between sanitation hygiene efforts and the bacteriological content of water (p value = 0.003). Furthermore, it was concluded that the bacteriological content of water was related to drinking water sanitation efforts and sanitation hygiene efforts at DAMIU in Jambi City.

Keywords: refill drinking water; bacteriological quality; sanitation efforts; sanitation hygiene

ABSTRAK

Air minum terkontaminasi bakteri patogen dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan. Kebutuhan konsumsi air minum isi ulang sebagai salah satu sumber air minum di Kota Jambi selalu meningkat, dibuktikan dengan bertambahnya jumlah depot air minum isi ulang (DAMIU) Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas bakteriologis air minum isi ulang yang ada di Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 96 DAMIU dari seluruh kecamatan di Kota Jambi dan dipilih secara  random sampling mulai bulan Januari hingga Februari 2023. Pengumpulan data proses pengolahan air dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi, sedangkan data kualitas air minum dikumpulkan dengan mengambil sampel air minum pada setiap DAMIU. Analisis bakteriologis dilakukan melalui uji laboratorium menggunakan metode Compact Dry EC (CDEC), sedangkan analisis data proses pengolahan air dilakukan secara deskriptif, bivariat hingga multivariat. Dari 96 DAMIU sebanyak 9 di antaranya (9,4 %) memiliki kandungan E.coli dan koliform. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara upaya pengamanan air minum dengan kandungan bakteriologis air (nilai p = 0,173), ada hubungan antara upaya penyehatan air minum dengan kandungan bakteriologis air (nilai p = 0,002) dan ada hubungan antara upaya higiene sanitasi dengan kandungan bakteriologis air (nilai p = 0,003). Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa kandungan bakteriologis air berhubungan dengan upaya penyehatan air minum dan upaya higiene sanitasi pada DAMIU di Kota Jambi.

Kata kunci: air minum isi ulang; kualitas bakteriologis; upaya penyehatan; higiene sanitasi